Emotional Branding :: essays research papers

This article clarifying passionate marking was a fascinating perused. The start of the story truly caught my eye. I have consistently thought that it was a solace to understand that even genuinely canny individuals can't get everything and do in some cases need to request clarifications. Despite the fact that we have all been informed that there is nothing of the sort as a dumb inquiry, aside from an inquiry that isn't posed, it is troublesome in the business world to request help or a clarification, without feeling substandard, or stressing if your business associates will think you are bumbling. The writer really wrote in this article, â€Å"after long periods of helping organizations manufacture their brands, I’m still bewildered by the truth that such a large number of savvy representatives still don’t comprehend the intensity of a brand.† from the start I was bothered with this announcement and stressed that the remainder of the article would simply be self absorbed acclaim on the writer and his tremendous information. I was happy that he recuperated and made up for himself in the following sentence by expressing that, â€Å"it was the first run through [he] understood that the one thing that has the most emotional effect on the achievement or disappointment of a cutting edge business is additionally the least comprehended. I totally concur with the way that a brand isn't a piece of a business; it is really the business. On the off chance that an organization plans something for ruin its image according to purchasers, it has harmed its business and may fail. It is significant that an organization is reliable with its image. In the event that it isn't reliable with its image, at that point buyers may think that its difficult to see that organization as dependable. This is a somewhat troublesome errand, since marking isn't something that is ordinarily instructed in business college. Attempting to locate a fruitful brand is fundamentally experimentation, on the grounds that there is definitely not a clear equation that organizations can use to build up a brand.

The Basic English Grammar Rules eBook (PDF)

The Basic English Grammar Rules eBook (PDF) The Basic English Grammar Rules eBook (PDF) The Basic English Grammar Rules eBook (PDF) By Daniel Scocco A year ago we had an arrangement called English Grammar 101, where the fundamental syntax rules were secured. Numerous perusers inquired as to whether it was conceivable to change that arrangement into a digital book. We felt that the thought was acceptable without a doubt, and began chipping away at it. Maeve altered the entire thing, including models and formating the areas. The digital book (in PDF design) is at long last prepared, with 34 pages of substance. You can download it for nothing out of pocket. Beneath you will locate the substance of the digital book and the membership structure to demand your download interface. digital book Content Heres a breakdown of the areas you will discover in the eBook: Presentation Area 1: Sentences The subject Predicate Gestures of recognition and conditions The article The supplement Area 2: Parts of discourse Thing Pronoun Descriptive word Action word Modifier Relational word Addition Combination So as to download the digital book you essentially need to buy in to DailyWritingTips email list. We just convey one email for each week, on Tuesdays, and we just send valuable substance that will assist you with improving your composing aptitudes. Subjects secured go from English sentence structure to accentuation and style. In the wake of buying in your email address underneath you ought to get the digital book download interface inside several minutes. Buy in beneath to get a download connect by means of email Heres how our email containing the download connect resembles. Clearly joining our email list is free and you can withdraw whenever you need. Need to improve your English in a short time a day? Get a membership and begin getting our composing tips and activities day by day! Continue learning! Peruse the Grammar 101 class, check our mainstream posts, or pick a related post below:Creative Writing 101Latin Plural Endings10 Tips for Clean, Clear Writing

February Decisions - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

February Decisions - UGA Undergraduate Admissions February Decisions In the late afternoon of Friday, February 18, we will be releasing the February wave of admission offers (please do not ask me what late afternoon is, as I put it as late afternoon instead of a specific time for a reason). As I stated in an earlier post, these admits, who are primarily Regular Decision (RD) applicants, are students who meet the criteria that UGA admissions used for Early Action (EA) admits. Just to stop any questions, there are no set EA critieria levels, as it is a review of the combination of grades, rigor and test scores, so please do not ask what EA SAT/ACT, GPA or rigor criteria is. There will be a few EA deferred students who are admitted in this round, mostly because of an increase in their academic standing (new test scores) or if we needed to re-review their other academic information due to another issue (change in course schedule, issue with a transcript and self-reported grades, etc.) Whenever we release these February decisions, we always get questions, ranging from Why didnt I hear to Does this mean that more decisions will roll out through the month of March and so on. The next group of decisions after this round will be in late March, and this will be the remaining freshman decisions. From now until late March, our office will be reading, and reading, and reading more files. Please do not contact us and see if you can get your decision earlier, whether due to a vacation, another colleges schedule, a birthday gift for an applicant, etc., as we need to review all of the files before making final decisions. Roughly 1,800 students will receive an offer of admission in this round (we only do admits during this round), but we have a large number of students that we will be admitting in March as well. Based on planning and projections for next year, UGA will slightly increasing the size of the freshman class slightly, so we will be admitting more students that last year as a whole. As in previous years, we will also be enrolling about 200 freshmen for the following Spring term. I do not have any specifics about this group (GPA, SAT, ACT mid-ranges), but they should be somewhat similar to the EA admitted group. I hope this answers a fair amount of your questions, congratulations to the newly admitted freshmen, and Go Dawgs! February Decisions - UGA Undergraduate Admissions February Decisions Later this month, we will be releasing acceptance letters for a small group of freshman applicants. These admits, who are primarily Regular Decision (RD) applicants, are students who meet the criteria that UGA admissions used for Early Action (EA) admits. Just to stop any questions, there are no set EA critieria levels, as it is a review of the combination of grades, rigor and test scores, so please do not ask what EA criteria is. Whenever we release these February decisions, we always get questions, ranging from Why didnt I hear to Does this mean that more decisions will roll out through the month of March and so on. for those of you who have been following my blog, here is a quick reminder. The three freshman decision release dates: Mid December EA Decisions released Late February Admit letters for RD or deferred EA applicants meeting EA admit criteria Late March Final Decisions for all remaining freshman applicants Why do we release a small group of February acceptances? Well, if an applicant has applied Regular Decision, has a perfect 4.00 GPA, 12 AP classes in a variety of areas, and a 1540/750 SAT (an actual situation this year), why wouldnt we want to admit this student? Just like with EA admits, there are a group of Regular Decision applicants who are well above what is expected academically, and we want to move forward with admitting these students now. As well, this is a good example of the of how the rumors and myths out there, such as it is easier/harder to be admitted EA/RD, are not true. We are carefully reviewing the applicant pool, and treating them equally regardless of EA/RD. Please remember, we still have a large amount of file reading, reviewing of the overall applicant pool, and a great deal more admission decisions to make before this years admission cycle is done, so be patient. Ignore any wild rumors, know that there will still be a substantial number of admit letters to go out, and finish up your senior year strong! Go Dawgs!

Benjamin Franklin As A Representation Of The Enlightenment

Wade Cobb Dr. Boeninger DWC 201 19 October 2015 Benjamin Franklin as a Representation of the Enlightenment The Enlightenment was largely a rational response to the 16th and 17th century Scientific Revolution, as well as major developments in philosophical thinking, such as ideas proposed by Rene Descartes. During the Enlightenment, thinkers emphasize rational and critical ways of thinking, rather than the complete reliance on religion that had been previously accepted. In many ways, Benjamin Franklin was the human embodiment of the Age of Enlightenment. Similarly to the Enlightenment as a time period, Benjamin Franklin is influenced by, but strays from his upbringing in a strict Puritan context in order to establish beliefs based on reason and the scientific method. Franklin used highly thought out and methodological techniques for deciding things from a daily schedule all the way to his views on morality and virtue. He was a life long learner, and like the Age of Enlightenment itself, he put reason as the ultimate factor for know ledge and decision-making. Corresponding to the Enlightenment, Franklin was affected by his Christian background. His parents were devout Puritans, and being raised in their household, the Christian outlook left its mark on certain aspects of Franklin’s beliefs. For example, in his letter to the Yale University President Ezra Stiles in 1790 reveals an important commonality in his beliefs in relation to Puritan, and other Judeo-ChristianShow MoreRelatedThe British Enlightenment And The American Revolution1538 Words   |  7 PagesThe American Revolution was a product of the British Enlightenment as well as both American and British history. The Enlightenment was age of innovation taking place during the 17th and 18th centuries. During this period there were great advancements in science that pushed back religious superstitions, as well as developments in economics and political thinking. (lecture) The British Enlightenment specifically had a large impact on the American Revolution with key figures such as John Locke. HisRead MoreThe Fight For Separation From Great Britain s Condescending Control851 Words   |  4 Pagesan independent United States. Enlightenment thinkers such as John Locke and Benjamin Franklin inspired the colonists to delve into the problems in British rule, as well as to reconsider the value of their natural rights. Additionally, Britain’s ongoing quarrels with the Native American people as well as British financial issues with accumulating parliamentary debt caused further infuriation within the colonies. Most importantly, the colonists’ lack of representation in Parliament catalyzed boycottsRead More Benjamin Franklin Essay1332 Words   |  6 PagesBenjamin Franklin was born on Milk Street in Boston on January 17th, 1706. His father was Josiah Franklin, a candle and soap maker. His mother was Abiah Folger and she was Josiahs second wife. Benjamin Franklin was the youngest son of 17 children. Benjamin attended Boston Latin School for two years but did not graduate because of lack of money; however he continued his education by reading great quantities. His parents wanted him to go into the church, however at age 10 his schooling ended and heRead MoreBenjamin Franklin : American Innovator1869 Words   |  8 PagesKillian Miller History 201 PLACE PROFESSOR S NAME HERE 28 September 2014 Benjamin Franklin: American Innovator Few names are more monumental in American history than that of Benjamin Franklin. His legacy has stood the test of time, mainly because Franklin’s achievements were unprecedented for the time in which he lived. An integral figure of the American Enlightenment, Franklin was (and still is) wildly popular, due to the magnitude and frequency of his discoveries and his consistent undertakingsRead MoreReluctant Revolutionaries From The British1247 Words   |  5 Pagesthe local legislature. The Stamp Act greatly angered the colonists, since it confirmed that they weren’t respected by England. Even George Washington and royal appointee Thomas Hutchinson felt that this law was unfair. They didn’t receive any representation, and were reduced to the same social position as servants at the time. Issues that angered the British toward the colonists The colonists opposed the Stamp Act, even though the British spent a large amount of money defending the colonies andRead MoreThe Historical Period of Enlightenment741 Words   |  3 PagesEnlightenment The historical period which is known as the Enlightenment occurred during the latter half of the 17th century and the first half of the 18th century. The period was marked by a decided increase placed on the importance of scientific and philosophical investigation. Political philosophy was one of the most frequent and important branches of theorizing and discourse. One of the most famous political theoreticians was a man named John Locke. His theories would revolutionize the way thatRead More`` Two Treatises Of Government `` By John Locke Essay987 Words   |  4 Pagesworld s mightiest monarch of that time. With the introduction of the Renaissance period, Europe was introduced to the Scientific Revolution. This new induction would lead people away from their religious views and to a new movement called Enlightenment. The Essay Two Treatises of Government published anonymously by John Locke maintained two plausible positions. The first being, divine rights were not given to Monarchs rather; their powers existed through sheer luck of being born into the monarchyRead MoreThe Theory Of Government, Science And The Nature Of Human Beings1466 Words   |  6 Pagesthought for the Enlightenment in the late 18th and early 19th century was laid down in the 17th century with the commencement of reason. The authority of the Catholic Church had been broken by radicals, such as Martin Luther, and the liberation from orthodoxy meant that there was no longer a single authority. People began to examine the world with reason rather than faith.This intellectual curiosity eventually led to the Era of En lightenment. The central ideals of the Enlightenment ultimately ledRead MoreEssay on Epitome of Enlightenment 1232 Words   |  5 PagesThe Enlightenment, rooted in late 17th century European philosophy, was based on the concept of applying scientific principles of logic and reasoning to all endeavors of life. Having become established in America by the mid-18th century, Enlightenment principles were practiced by many of the most notable â€Å"fathers† of the American Revolution. The American Declaration of Independence, written in 1776 is one of the most significant examples of a document whose writing was motivated by enlightenment principlesRead MoreThe Revolutionary War : A Successful Revolt Against The British Reign And Formed A Whole New Nation1615 Words   |  7 Pagessupport of the people, many diplomatic opportunities came and choices were made, such as the Olive Branch Petition and forming an alliance with France; moreover, this would have been possible with out t he great leadership of our founding father, Benjamin Franklin, and the ideal image of leadership from the honorable George Washington, allowing a movement so great it consecrated a successful revolt against the British reign and formed a whole new nation. During the 1770s Britain oppressed the colonies

The Basics of 2017 Ap English Literature Exam Essay Samples

The Basics of 2017 Ap English Literature Exam Essay Samples As it happens, you will also see more in-depth questions asking you to determine nuanced particulars. Each question is accompanied by a comprehensive explanation, so that in the event that you miss one, you can find out where you went wrong and not make the identical mistake again later on. In the event you have any extra questions we are more than delighted to hear from you. All the questions within this section have equal price. Again, in the instance of a quick poem, the whole text is going to be included. The essays test your writing ability in many different modes and for a range of uses. The second part of the test is known as the free-response section. Within the next portion of the multiple-choice section, you will display your capability to analyze text. Where to Find 2017 Ap English Literature Exam Essay Samples Multiple choice was not too bad. If you are not sure of an answer, eliminate as many obvio usly wrong choices as possible, prior to making your selection. If you truly feel just like you still need more help or you're not sure that you may do it all on your own, look no more. If you feel as if you need more help or you aren't certain that you can do it by yourself, look no more. What You Don't Know About 2017 Ap English Literature Exam Essay Samples Just place your order for virtually any kind of essay, and it's going to be done at the maximal level. However, not one of these sources are designed especially to offer preparation for a CLEP exam. Whenever you do take practice tests, it can be useful to find somebody else to aid grade your free-response essays dependent on the rubric. In addition, writing is an essential part of the course and exam. Within this post, we will have a look at the format and content of the exam in addition to frequently asked questions. Some students think about the absolutely free response section being the hardest portion of the whole English exam. When reading, be careful to go slowly and reread important or intricate sections. On-line study courses are available too. As soon as you have your resources assembled, you may not be sure how to use them. Alternately, there are lots of on-line study resources out there. Additionally, there are several paid resources that provide unofficial practice questions. You don't have to have an AP English class in order to take a seat for the AP English Language test. Instead, you wish to analyze the essay and ensure that your claim is supported. That is the reason why you should learn to deal with AP English essay prompts. Notes along the webpage marginscan be extremely beneficial. You'll be requested to read an excerpt from a text on the mandatory reading list (or the entire work in the instance of a brief poem) and analyze the way the text represents the features of a specific genre. The College Board does not have any control over their content and cannot vouch for accuracy. So, students should guess if they don't know an answer on the multiple-choice part of the exam. The AP English Language and Composition Exam is utilized by colleges to rate your capacity to do college-level work. If you would like to track your scores, you can earn a completely free account with Varsity Tutors, but it's not essential in order to access the quizzes. You should begin early before the exam to create a fantastic improvement. You'll also discover which tests are high-quality and ways to best utilize different practice exams to satisfy your studying needs. The entire practice tests supply the advantage of assisting you to pare off your AP English Literature and Composition review by focusing your study time on the topics you would like to review. You can also locate practice tests in lots of the official study guides, and some even incorporate a diagnostic test to serve as your initial assessment.

In what ways has Surrealism influenced fashion Free Essays

string(61) " successfully incorporated into fashion by a crazy Spaniard\." In what ways has Surrealism influenced fashion, and how successful are the results? You will need to include discussion of two examples. By likeability 1. What is surrealism? â€Å"Surrealism is destructive, but it destroys only what it considers to be shackles limiting our vision. We will write a custom essay sample on In what ways has Surrealism influenced fashion or any similar topic only for you Order Now † Young Night Thoughts are surrealist from cover to cover. Unfortunately, it is a priest who speaks; a bad priest, to be sure, yet a priest. Heraclites is surrealist in dialectic. Lully is surrealist in definition. Flame is surrealist in the night of gold. Swift is surrealist in malice. Shade is surrealist in sadism. Carrier is surrealist in drowning. Monk Lewis is surrealist in the beauty of evil. Chin von Arming is surrealist absolutely; in space and time Rabble is surrealist in death. Baudelaire is surrealist in morals. Rumbaed is surrealist in life and elsewhere. Harvey Saint-Deny is surrealist in the directed dream. Carroll is surrealist in nonsense. Husband is surrealist in pessimism. Serrate is surrealist in design. Picasso is surrealist in cubism. Bach © is surrealist in me. Rousseau is surrealist in anecdote (And © Breton, 1934, A lecture given in Brussels on 1st June 1934 at a public meeting regained by the Belgian Surrealists, http://home. Lb. AC. UK) â€Å"Surrealism is based on the belief in the superior reality of certain forms of previously neglected association, in the omnipotence of dream, in the disinterested play of thought. † -Andre Breton In the sass, the world was going through one of its ‘all time IoW phases. There was war, or worse, the fear of war, the artists who had been scattered as the result, (who were earlier based in Paris of other cities) became of the mindset that it was the overly rational thinking, the so called ‘high rationale’ of human mind that had brought upon this war. This resulted in an inspired thought that led to a revolution. Thus the idea to follow the unconscious mind arrived, no matter how bizarre its ideas may seem. ‘The word Surrealism was invented in 1917 by Gallinule Billionaire, and adopted by fellow French poet, And © Breton, in 1924 to describe a radical movement of artists and writers, who drew on their subconscious to depict a heightened or â€Å"super-real† vision of the world. (The Surrealist comeback in design, Alice Rawson, The New York times, March 25, 2007) Perhaps this is a little hard to understand, but one of the best examples to describe owe a surrealist thinks is a Salvador Dali quote; when asked â€Å"do you take drugs†, he answered, to the interviewer’s bewilderment, â€Å"l do not take drugs. I am drugs. † The man who commercialese the surreal – Salvador Dali Salvador Dali needs no introduction to anyone who has even remotely studied art. Not only was Dali a tremendously gift ed painter, but also a designer, photographer, thinker and an extraordinary witty writer. His autobiography ‘The secret life of Salvador Dali’ gives a very good insight into his thought process and his ideas. He was one of the first artists who brought the idea of surrealism from paper (And © Breton was a poet) to the visual arts, thus making it commercial and marketable. According to many, the idea of making surrealist art commercial was against the idea of surrealism. But as the history goes, the artists who had surrealist themes were very successful in the later sass’s. The surrealist ideas were incorporated into fashion when Salvador Dali famously collaborated with the Italian designer Else Capillaries. The collection consisted of Lobster Dress – Lobster Dress was a simple white silk evening dress with a crimson waistband featuring a large lobster painted (by Dali) onto the skirt. Ђ Tears Dress – The Tears Dress, a slender pale blue evening gown printed with a Dali design of tromped Leila rips and tears, worn with a thigh-length veil with â€Å"real† tears carefully cut out and lined in pink and magenta. Ђ Skeleton dress – skeleton dress was a stark black crepe dress which used transport quilting to create padded ribs, spine, and leg bones. Shoe hat – the shoe hats were a particular sensation, hats that were the underside of heels on the top. Before Salvador Dali, many artists had already put forward surrealist works, and though not many are worthy of being mentioned in the name breath as Dali, some of the noticeable ones are – Giorgio De Chorizo (1888-1978) Chorizo’s early paintings were perhaps a vital key in the development of the surrealist style of painting. Characterized by images of empty town squares, suspended corridors and macabre ghost town like depictions of streets and town squares looked like his imagination of a post war era and were full of a sort of haunting loneliness and grim. Cluttered with puzzling objects, such as clocks, giant statues and distant trains, and often featuring deep, dramatic perspectives, De Chorizo’s paintings left an indelible mark on Breton and numerous other future Surrealists. Among his works from this early Metaphysical period are The Enigma of the Arrival and the Afternoon (1912), The Anxious Journey (1913), The Nostalgia of the Infinite (1913), Mystery and Melancholy of a Street (1914) and The Child’s Brain (1914). By the time of the first Manifesto of Surrealism, De Chorizo had moved on to a far more classical approach, much to the chagrin of Breton. He participated in Surrealist activities up to 1925, contributing to the periodicals Lilt ©return and La R ©volition Sour ©aliases, as well as eater writing a Surrealist novel Hobbyhorses in 1929. Rene © Francis Emigrate Some people say that it was the haunting memory of his mother who committed suicide when he was 14 years old. It is said that he witnessed her face covered by her dress as she was pulled out of the water (she committed suicide by throwing herself in a nearby river) the haunting symbolism remained an inspiration for him, even for his famous work Less Aments. Let us come back to the point in history when the surrealist movement that And © Breton had started as a rebellion for poets had captured the minds of designers and as successfully incorporated into fashion by a crazy Spaniard. You read "In what ways has Surrealism influenced fashion" in category "Fashion" After the collaboration of Dali and Capillaries, many designers tried surrealism as a theme but only a few were successful as a whole. Fashion and surrealism The fashion object could be a most powerful force in the simultaneous deconstruction of the figure and remembrance of its presence that inevitably dwells in the garment. Just as music could be envisioned as both an abstract form and physical presence, so too the biomorphic abstractions that characterize much Surrealist art found their way into the free forms of dress and the definition of the unman being as an abstract flow among units of the body. The creation of illusion gives to clothing the enough implications of narrative and mystery to occur as a function of dress. According to the influential Surrealist gallery owner Julia Levi, Else Capillaries was the only fashion designer to interpret Surrealism successfully. From the starting of her Paris shop to its closing, Capillaries reconciled fashion an art, by interpreting the modern aesthetic and then Joining forces with artists who were at the time highly forward in their time. Such out of such her collaboration with Salvador Dali is a reorient one. To be dressed by Capillaries was to acquire confidence and chic, whether one was beautiful or not. Schizophrenia’s fashion philosophy was grounded in classical mythology, particularly Ovid and the Pygmalion myth, and its stories of magical transformation and metamorphosis, themes also explored by the Surrealists. Her fashion was not only surreal and unique but also easy to wear and very feasible. Because she was able to make this transition and bring the surreal in the real world not only in theory but also in clothes that could be work in a casual manner along tit a style statement that associated a person with the surreal movement. It is not a less known fact that she inspired one of the leading fashion designers of our time, the late Lee Alexander Macaque who had a travel case or Luggage in his shop that was visibly inspired from Schizophrenia’s skeleton dress. In the sass’s, transformation was symbolized by the butterfly. Schizophrenia’s collection of the 1938 Exposition International du Surrealism, and it included two of her most notable collaborations with Dali, the Skeleton Dress and the Tear-Illusion Dress. Dali and Capillaries collaborated again in 1937 on the Lobster Dress, which simplicity of the white dress is belied by the erotically charged placement of the lobster on the front of the skirt, a symbolism possibly lost on the wearer. Images relating to the fashion industry, such as sewing machines, irons, dressmaker forms and mannequins, played a leading role in the surrealist theatre. During the sass Surrealism helped to liberate fashion form more dressmaking and realize the dream of the marvelous. In the words of American Fashion Historian Richard Martin, â€Å"Surrealism remains fashion’s favorite art†. Surreal thing†, Glassine Wood, 2007). ‘Some of the latest manifestations of Surrealism are screamingly commercial. Take the tromped O’Dell hoarding at 39 Avenue George V in Paris, where a construction site is padded by an eerily realistic image of a Serialized 19th-century apartment building whose structure ripples like water. Or the tops-truly boutique of the Dutch fashion designers Victor Roll on Via Sandpapered in Milan, which is literally built upside down, with a â€Å"floor† that looks like the ceiling, and vice versa. You can also spot Surrealism’s influence in more thoughtful design projects, like the provocative, lightly sinister work of the young product designers, such as the Swedish group, Front, and Dutch duo, Studio Job. Oscillating from Serialized commercialism to a considered reinterpretation of the original Surrealist spirit reflects the central theme of the VA show. It examines the ambiguity of Surrealism’s relationship with commerce, and the tensions that developed during its transition from an avian garden art movement in the sass to a commercial design style from the sass. (The Surrealist comeback in design, Alice Rawson,2007) But the question remains is surrealism successful in fashion industry? Let us take the example of the late Lee Alexander Macaque. His work would probably one of the best examples of surrealism in fashion that was widely popular in the last few years and arguably still is. Macaque, famous for collaborating with Lady Gaga had once quoted that she wa s his unofficial muse. Lady Gaga officially unveiled her ‘Bad Romance’ single at Alexander Unseen’s Spring/Summer 2010 runway show during Paris Fashion Week. Although Gaga wasn’t in attendance, her presence was certainly felt as her hit song streamed over the speakers during the encore of all the looks that Macaque had showed off. But was Lady Gaga the first surrealist design wearing pop icon? No. At the presentation of a new surreal collection of designer Jean-Paul Guiltier dean Paul Guiltier) gathered all the secular Paris, as well as fans of millionaire-style Guthrie from around the world. At the show in the front row along with influential politicians, financiers and other celebrities turned out to be only one woman – Madonna. Madonna and Jean-Paul Guiltier share the same relationship Lady Gaga did with Macaque since before Lady gaga was even playing the piano and scaring her babysitters by turning up naked before them. Macaque owned the brand Alexander Macaque which was later bought by Gucci, with Macaque serving as a creative director. The same collection was also famous for models with bizarre make up and surreal outfits. This show was so successful that it crashed the networks servers. This could be called one of the greatest achievements in surrealist fashion by a designer. Perhaps the most famous of his famous surrealist works are his signature high heels. Macaque, 40 at the time of his death can be labeled the most famous and the best example of designers inspired by surrealism in their work. Viviane Westwood Dame Viviane Westwood popularity constantly gains momentum. Her punk attitude is more alive in the Naughtiest than ever and her outspoken, Union Jack waving Englishmen (with a few added safety pins and tea stains), is undiminished. It is fitting that the Establishment has recognized her work by making her a Dame. Viviane Westwood – fashion’s older stateswoman that many wish to emulate, with her younger husband Andrea Chronicler and energy for shaking things up whilst keeping her feet on the ground – seems to only recruit admirers. Cutting edge but lassie, she is unflinchingly rooted in what matters, whether it is human rights or classical fiction. No trendy noise for her, Just cleavage, mischief, and CAPITAL LETTER MESSAGES such as sass’s â€Å"l AM NOT A TERRORIST, please don’t arrest me baby -r- shirts. Her first catwalk show was presented in 1981, featuring the collaboration of Westwood and McAllen. The theme that year was Pirates. Subsequent Westwood theme titles in the early years included Savage (1982), Buffalo Girls (Autumn/Winter 1982-83) and Clint Eastward, (Autumn-Winter 1984-85) under the Worlds Ends Label he stopped producing the line in 1985 to concentrate on her Viviane Westwood Lines. Viviane Westwood says (â€Å"Sometimes you need to transport your idea to an empty landscape and then populate it with fantastic looking people. â€Å"). She dubbed the period 1981 to 1985 New romantic and 1988-1991 â€Å"The Pagan Years† during which â€Å"Viennese heroes changed from punks and ragamuffins to ‘Taller’ girls wearing clothes that parodied the upper class. The period from 1993 to 1999 she called â€Å"Megalomania† and from 2000 to the present – â€Å"Exploration† (vogue, 2007) Viviane Westwood has always been a fan of surrealist work and is herself a punk. It is also a known fact that her ex husband was the manager of the sex pistols and they were also associat ed with surrealism in music. The future of surrealism in fashion – upcoming designers such as Yang Du Surrealist fashion designer Yang Du established her brand Yang Du in London in 09 after studying in the central Saint Martin’s College of art and design, and working for designers such as Viviane Westwood, John Gilligan, and Giles Deacon. It is evident in her work that she is a former artist and a fan of surrealism and impressionism. Her work is ultra hip, very colorful and can be seen as a mix of post modern and impressionist. She is especially fond of animal prints, painting animal faces on dresses, and using models with vivid makeup although a notch less vivid than Alexander Macaque. Unlike most surrealists Yang Dud’s inspirations are less controversial. She stated that she gets her inspirations from her travels. These have included India and Ecuador. Her latest design includes a cactus hat that has actual spines in the top. In the new winter collection, the colors were pastel with animal prints along the dress line. When asked about her design ideology in an interview, she said â€Å"My ideology†¦ I am ere open-minded to new things, and mostly, look at things from a very different angle. I often go on trips, where I take lots of photos and meet lots of people. When I come back to London, I always have so much in my mind, some of them like stories which I really want to share through the clothes I design. (Amelia’s magazine, 2009) Surrealism in fashion photography Although surrealism is apparent in fashion, it is even more so in fashion photography. It would be almost worthless for a designer to create a design which looked surreal if the photographer couldn’t capture the thought of the designer. Fashion photography thus can be called as a way to express surrealism in fashion. Also fashion photography can be us ed to make a normal collection surreal. One of the author’s best photographers is Toshiba Canoe who in her career (1950-1960) made hundreds of collages, and quit the profession after married. Her photography is inspired by surrealist painters such as Giorgio De Chorizo, Max Ernst, Joan Mir ¶, and Francis Pica. It is apparent that she did all her work from an out of the world prospective which is one of the reasons that her pictures though surreal look very believable, and honest. Some of her famous works are the horse and the bride in the sea and the bride on the door. Conclusion The surrealist movement changed many aspects of art. No other visual art was the same after the surrealist movement. Surrealism is that form of art which believes in anything that the subconscious mind can conjure up. It is the way of life for great minds like Salvador Dali who dreamed more than they breathed. In the fashion industry, it was a huge step when Salvador Dali collaborated with Capillaries not only because it lead to two of the most talented minds of the generation to come soother, but also because it opened the door for surrealist art to come in the field of fashion and blossom. And so it did. The careers of Alexander Macaque and Viviane Westwood are a testimony to this fact. And as for the future, the designers like Yang Du are taking forward the legacy and continue to inspire the people with their surreal work that one knows to be untrue but is still forced to think twice. And that is the beauty of the surreal art. It may be argued that the surreal art like most others will one day be obsolete and out of fashion but it is also ever changing. How to cite In what ways has Surrealism influenced fashion, Essays

The Concept of Status Consumption and How A Marketer Might Be Able To Utilise Status to Market A Specific Brand or Product Type

Background In ancient times, only people coming from high social fibre could afford luxurious goods and services. They composed the educated, rich merchants and prominent people at the zenith of the living pyramid. Nevertheless, as market civilization continued to dawn, new consumer behaviours came into effect with a promise to change the existing ethical consumption into conspicuous consumption, and then status consumption.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Concept of Status Consumption and How A Marketer Might Be Able To Utilise Status to Market A Specific Brand or Product Type specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More For example, the elongation of a sumptuous product market and the modification of consumer behaviour have played an imperative role in comprehensive economics. A vast number of consumption literature materials suggest that, personal materialism levels dictate an individual’s consumption style and behaviour. Depending on one’s social class and materialism nature, status consumption can affect one’s consumer behaviours. It is the potentiality of consumers to acquire luxurious goods and services, no matter the social class or an individual’s intent revenue. (Eastman, Goldsmith Flynn, 1999, pp. 41-52). It is paramount to note that, in most cases, the predisposition to purchase these goods is contextual. This is because; consumption varies from one person to another. In essence, the main rationale why people have varied consumption decisions is that, most of them tend to lean towards an appallingly superficial motive of masquerading themselves with mottled excuses, namely expediency, parsimony, value, personal satisfaction and convenience. For example, if consumers accept superiority complex on their side, then the frail delusion of personal autonomy, which give purchasing command will be under threat. (Rick, 2006, pp. 97-112). Introduction The bottom line of today’s consumer detonation exhibits in the recognition that; personal consumer preferences make people feel liberated. However, consumers must take care not to allow their preferences be hemmed in by status apprehensions. This is because, by doing so, there is a possibility of disfiguring out the rational mind. The rational mind is the one that helps people to make choices on what to purchase in order to realise the intended identity. On the other hand, with the emergence of information technology and liberal markets, developing countries are becoming prosperous.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Consequently, this ignites and enhances the demand for deluxe goods noticeably, consumed commodities. The budding markets for opulence commodities, annexation of lavish good market and the alteration of buyer actions, have surely changed the manner in which people purchase goods. (Richins, 1994, pp. 504-521). Unlike ancient consumers, present consumers tend to purchase goods, which exhibit their social class. Interestingly, during the ancient times, people viewed those purchasing luxurious goods as extravagant. To them, this was just an appalling consumer behaviour, which did not go hand-in-hand with social fabrics. However, people’s perceptions changed with time. Notably, changing personal perceptions have a serious impact to social values. If social values change, consequently consumption values will change proportionately. Research shows that, the purchase of lavish commodities instigates customers (consumers) and forms good investment within global economics. (Chaudhuri Majumdar, 2006, pp. 1-5). Materialism In the contemporary world, most writers use the word â€Å"materialism† to imply material possession. It is true, people own vast commodities. However, in an ancient society, materialism was a philosophical impression, which impl ied, only two things existed. That is, matter and its locomotion. Materialism in the present context advocates individual gladness and social evolution through material possessions. To some extent, academics agree that, materialism compose of allied characters, stances and principles centred on chattels and selection principles. Thus, the concept of materialism dictates different desires especially on what to purchase. (Fitzmaurice Comegys, 2006, pp.287-295). The concept of materialism divides into three fundamental scales, which include contentment, centrality, and triumph. It is easy to market new luxurious brands under status consumption than marketing a cheap commodity, which is familiar to consumers across the three social classes. This is because; luxurious commodities associate with contentment, success and centrality. Talking of happiness, almost every individual believes that, possessions make life comfortable. On the other hand, centrality is the position that possessions take in an individual. Some want possessions to be part of their life so that they reach them easily, while others do not care. Success measures people’s judgement whether they enjoy personal or other people’s possessions. (Roberts, Manolis Tanner, 2003, pp. 300-311).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Concept of Status Consumption and How A Marketer Might Be Able To Utilise Status to Market A Specific Brand or Product Type specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Luxurious Commodities and Status Consumption The current society gives credit and respect to consumer who buy luxurious products. In this way, these consumers display their social status and success to ethical consumers. Static consumption implies that, a certain group of consumers prefer taste and quality, rather than mere satisfaction. To them, taste and demand are vital to their social conspicuousness. Societies classify into lower, middle and upper class due to the purchasing power of its members. In other words, there are people who go for normal purchase of non-luxurious goods (ethical consumers), while others purchase goods that, lower class society members remark as luxurious. Some people will reprimand this class while others will scorn at their superiority feelings. (O’Cass McEwen, 2004, pp. 25-39). On the other hand, there are consumers who like purchasing commodities just for prestige. Under this scenario, the advantage lies to the marketer who would love to introduce new luxurious commodities and products in the market. However, some economists tend to differ greatly on the aspect of conspicuous and status consumption. (Vigneron Johnson, pp. 1-15). Modern Status Consumption Status consumption does not happen just like that. There are many reasons and theories behind modern status consumption. Luckily, these theories explain why consumers opt for status consumption rather than ethical consumption. Mo dern theorists have diverse views regarding the whole idea of status consumption. A section of these theorists believes that, consumers opt for status consumption because they believe in their own satisfaction. On the other hand, there are theorists who suggest that, some consumers go for status purchase just because other people do status purchasing. (Basmann, Molina, Slottje, 1988, pp. 531-537). Not once, consumers purchase certain goods because someone else purchased it the previous day- bandwagon effect. A group of consumers who appear very interesting when it comes to status consumption are those who avoid buying certain commodities (apparent individualism) because, they are popular. In marketing, this is snob effect. However, snob effect has its own disadvantages in that, consumers of this type opt for conspicuous consumption. It is not strange to witness the rich and educated people go for conspicuous consumption to maintain the status quo. Our markets go with social class. For example, the price of a lipstick in an ordinary supermarket is never the same as the one in a genteel supermarket where the rich shop. (Corneo Jeanne, 1997, pp. 333-347).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More With the emergence of new markets largely dominated by status consumption, new ideas have risen. These ideas are somehow new to the popular economics. For example, the idea of status consumption has created two measurable types of utility in the global markets. These include utilitarian and conspicuous ideas. Consumption of products must always portray at least one of these ideas. Under utilitarian, consumers are the outright beneficiaries as they consume the whole product for the first time. On the other hand, conspicuous idea provides utility to the consumer largely because; this particular consumer always consumes the product or service. The two ideas are imperative to a marketer who would like to introduce a certain product within a social setting. This is because, through conspicuous idea, the marketer knows the market for particular goods and services. Therefore, introducing a certain product or service would not be a problem. As for utilitarian, the marketer is already aware of the utility to sell to consumers. Most of these consumers would want to purchase luxurious products and perhaps, new commodities coming into the market. Therefore, it is easier to introduce new utilities in a conspicuous environment rather than a utilitarian one. (Eastman, Goldsmith Flynn, 1999, pp. 48-52). There is no doubt today’s status consumption dominate modern markets. This particular market has attracted status consumption research in order to identify the type of products and services certain consumers prefer. Interestingly, status consumption varies not only by social class, but also, by gender. For example, modern women tend to go for luxurious dresses and cosmetics to create their own social class. Thus, a marketer can decide to look for products that are appealing to women in order to reach their consumption. If this happens, even luxurious commodities and women garments will sell no matter how expensive they may seem. There are also other luxurious commoditi es, which sell highly in the modern markets. For example, over the past decade, marketers have managed to sell millions of Patek Philippe wristwatch not because they are first-class, but because consumers feel heirloom when wearing them. (Richins, 1994, pp. 514-521). Status Consumption and Women Cosmetics There are two main factors, which show that, women cosmetics can achieve status consumption if well marketed. Firstly, if marketers go into the market and explain the intrinsic cosmetic quality and its importance to skin, women consumers would be more than willing to purchase the brand. The second factor is that, these products receive less attention due to consumer ignorance. Thus, if marketers enter the emerging markets to sell anew brand of women cosmetics, consumers will be many no matter the price. The lack of literature on women cosmetics prompted two market researchers, Chao and Schor, to carry out research with an aim of determining status consumption in women cosmetics. To their dismay, they found out, as the visibility of the cosmetic increased, the number of women consumers purchasing expensive cosmetic brands increased proportionally. The two researchers concluded by asserting that, where there is status consumption, the coefficients of cosmetic value dwindle monotonically when there is a decline in visibility. (Chao Schor, 1998, 107- 126). Status Theory The current consumer theory is not a complicated one and many academics term it, universal. This theory is universal in the sense that, it allows marketers to combine various marketing models for to seduce consumers who will then purchase the products. However, the idea of purchasing a certain product is the sole responsibility of the customer. Research on consumer demands suggests that, predilection varies from one consumer to another. This is the reason why, people purchase differently. In particular, the theory of consumption seems to be clear on this ideology. That is, a single consumerâ€⠄¢s utility is the opposite of others. Ironically, utility depend on typical expenditure rather than minimum consumption. Veblen (1967) suggested that, when consumers start feeling superior, there is an inward glow of self-esteem and a sense of worth. Consequently, the two will lead to status consumption and eventually define the consumer’s social value and status (pp.29-31). Marketers understand that, in markets where people but luxurious goods to show off their societal place or social class, two imperative attributes hold. The first precondition is that, at one point, consumers have to exhibit commonality and common preference towards certain commodities and services. If this happens, then one is sure of selling new brands. The second precondition is that, consumer consumption ought to be collectively noticeable for demonstration purposes. Collective visibility is paramount when introducing a new brand because; it dispels the moral hazards, which might hinder purchases. So metimes, when a new product comes into the market without intrinsic literature, some consumers may decide to embellish their consumption aiming social status. (Veblen, 1967, pp. 26-28). To introduce a new brand, marketers should target social visibility in order to disengage classy consumers from discrediting new brands. Some people opt for expensive furniture and excellent living and dining rooms, while others just need a single clandestine room. Through this, marketers can identify the brand to introduce. Marketers do understand that, if they introduce a new brand, say a mobile phone, and the wealthy go for it, then any other product from the same company will receive recognition among status consumers. In essence, utility must depend on the consumption of other consumers. However, if this is not the case, and the manner in which consumers approach consumption remains the same, then the position of shared visibility of the brand introduced is extraneous to the prototype of buying. (Congleton, 1989, pp. 175-178). Determinants of Status Consumption When marketers want to introduce a new brand into emerging markets, they must first understand the determinants of status consumption. Experience and market survey on status consumption underline various hypothesis on factors that compel consumers to status purchase. A number of literature materials on status consumption highlight learning, revenue, background, and urban settlement as factors behind status consumption. For example, educated people are more likely to engage in status consumption in order to display their social class. Thus, if a marketer wants to introduce luxurious commodities in a market, this can be the target group. (Bearden Etzel, 1983, 183-188). Marketers introducing luxurious products can target certain races for a market. For example, in United States, the history of consumption delinks Hispanics and black people from status consumption. This is because, majority of people coming from these two races are challenges socially and economically. On the other hand, majority of white people in America engage in status buying simply because of their well-off social status and economic stability. These factors will help marketers to decide which status brand to introduce and the targeted group. (Kosicki, 1990, pp. 40-41). Conclusion Social status and economic stability are the two main reasons why consumers opt for status consumption. Social visibility determines the market for luxurious goods and services. If a marketer wants to introduce a new brand into the market, the first people who are likely to purchase the brand are either educated, rich or those in urban areas. It is easier to find a market for luxurious commodities in urban areas than in rural areas because, most people in urban areas engage in status consumption. For example, it is easier to market women cosmetics in urban areas than in rural areas as women living in rural areas engage in status buying to gain soci al status. Status consumption depends on the social class, the revenue generated and the type of settlement. Reference List Basmann, R., Molina, D. Slottje, D. (1988). A note on measuring Veblen’s theory of conspicuous consumption. Review of Economics and Statistics, 70(3), 531-535 Bearden, O. Etzel, J. (1982). Reference group influence and product and brand purchase decisions. Journal of Consumer Research, 9(1), 183-194. Chao, A. Schor, J. (1998). Empirical tests of status consumption: Evidence from women’s cosmetics. Journal of Economic Psychology, 19, 107-131. Chaudhuri, H. Majumdar S. (2006). Of Diamonds and Desires: Understanding Conspicuous Consumption from a Contemporary Marketing Perspective. Academy of Marketing Science Review, 11(1), 1-5. Congleton, R. (1989). Efficient status seeking: Externalities, and the evolution of status games. Journal of Economic Behaviour and Organization, 11 (1), 175-190. Eastman, K., Goldsmith, R. Flynn, L. (1999). Status cons umption in consumer behaviour: scale development and validation. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 7(3), 41-52. Fitzmaurice, J. Comegys, B. (2006). Materialism and social consumption. Journal  Of Marketing Theory and Practice, 287-300. Kosicki, G. (1990). Income redistribution and aggregate consumption: Implications for the relative income model. American Economist, 34, 40-41. Richins, L. (1994). Valuing things: the public and private meanings of possessions.  Journal of Consumer Research, 21, 504-521. O’Cass A. McEwen, H. (2004). Exploring consumer status and conspicuous consumption. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 4(1), 25-39. Rick, R. (2006). Colin Campbell on Thorstein Veblen on Conspicuous Consumption.  Journal of Economic Issues, 40 (1), 97-112. Roberts, A., Manolis, C. Tanner, J. (2003). Family structure, materialism, and compulsive buying: a reinquiry and extension. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 31(3), 300-311. Corneo, G. Jeanne, O. (19 97). Snobs, bandwagons, and the origin of social customs in consumer behaviour. Journal of Economic Behaviour Organization, 32, 333-347. Veblen, T. (1967). The Theory of the Leisure Class. New York: Penguin Books. Vigneron, F. Johnson, W. (1999). A Review and a Conceptual Framework of Prestige-Seeking Consumer Behaviour. Academy of Marketing Science Review, 1-15. This essay on The Concept of Status Consumption and How A Marketer Might Be Able To Utilise Status to Market A Specific Brand or Product Type was written and submitted by user Eden Huff to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Fate and freedom in oedipus essays

Fate and freedom in oedipus essays For centuries, the struggle between fate and the freedom of the human will has been a point of discontent among many scholars in the area of philosophy and Greek literature. In the works of men like Homer, Euripides, and Sophocles there is an emphasis on the role of prophetic beings and the inability of humans to overcome this obstacle. People are manipulated much to the delight of the gods without any hope of staving off disaster. As seen in Sophocles timeless tragedy Oedipus Rex, the title character appears to be a victim to his own destiny, hopelessly entangled in a web woven by superior beings. I am going to argue that despite the propensity to fall into the convenient thought that human beings are simply subject to the will of something greater that there is a definite tendency to allow for acts of free will throughout Greek literature. Since I believe Oedipus is the most complete embodiment of this struggle I will focus my analysis on his character. According to Websters New Collegiate Dictionary, fate is defined as an inevitable and often adverse outcome, condition, or end. When I originally read Oedipus Rex and met the character of Oedipus for the first time I presumed that Sophocles believed strongly in the idea of fate or destiny. Oedipus appeared to be incapable of avoiding the seemingly inevitable and thus became a tragic character in my eyes after I read it. To see a great man like Oedipus fall to the depths he has reached by the end of the play is truly tragic. Many see the core of the tragedy in his unavoidable demise. But what if the demise was avoidable? What if the tragedy here is that a man is so consumed by prophecies and oracles that he alters his course of action so as to avoid destruction actually enacts ruin upon himself? These are tough questions to consider so I believe it is best to go about answering them in the most logical, rational way possible. Let me begin by pointing out ...

Explore Our Tips For Developing Philosophy Essays

Explore Our Tips For Developing Philosophy Essays Philosophy Essay: Writing an â€Å"A† Grade Essay For many students, writing a philosophy essay may seem to be a tough task to complete, if you bear in mind that a good essay results from hard work and effort of the writer. Both the preparation and research stages are important for developing an effective essay. We have prepared for you a list of tips that will guide you in the writing of your philosophy essay. Make sure you place your focus on to the particulars of your essay. You will have your chance to write and present a well-structured and A+ piece of work at the end to show how well you have understood the topic in question. A philosophy essay is different from any other type of essay assignments. It cannot be tackled with an approach similar to a research paper or literary analysis. Also, it should not be addressed as a factual report from what other writers have expressed in their text concerning the subject. A philosophical paper should be a coherent and factual defense type of paper base on the thesis you choose. To start with, it should remind you that you need a thesis for your work. It should highlight the position you take concerning the subject in question. Each notion you put across will have not less than two sides of an argument relating to it. This means that you should choose on the side, and use the other to prove the relevance and logic within your point of reasoning. Keep in mind that you need to back up each point you present with a relevant argument. At this instance, your focus should be based on what you intend to prove to the reader concerning the topic. It may sound simple but in real terms, choosing a thesis statement can be quite challenging. When you embark on tasks given to write a philosophy essay paper, the general idea is first to write down information regarding the topic. This should be viewed as general, rough sketches of a work in progress. A thesis is a statement which is expressed in a single sentence, to state what the reader should expect. If by this stage you cannot formulate a thesis statement fully, then it still needs more brainstorming. When you formulate your thesis statement, you need to create ways that will persuade your target audience of your point of view. Provide a rational explanation for your ideas. This process mainly consists of the presentation of arguments that are supported with factual evidence.   Here, a lot of students go astray, as some think that their support for the thesis they come up with, will apply to the readers by default. This makes them have less focus on their arguments and the evidence that supports them. Your agreement to a specific side of an argument is not a guarantee that it will be the same for your target audience. If each person reading your work agreed with your point of view, there would be no argument at all. The best approach to writing an impressive philosophy paper is assuming that your target audience is as intelligent as yourself, and they do not support the same views on the subject matter. This will help you create good arguments that might end up convincing them otherwise. In simple terms, do not undervalue your audience. Another obvious mistake student commit is trying to cram all relative arguments about a particular area of study, and putting all of them down on one academic paper.   They think that by crafting a long list of arguments is an automatic indicator of the extensive research they have done. To some extent, it might be true even though you should remember that research for the sake of research does not explain the relevant points of your philosophy essay paper.   Below are some of the reasons why this approach won’t warrant you the success you require to achieve in the writing of a philosophy paper: Many arguments approach the subject matter of research in diverse points of view, which makes the work of the reader harder in keeping track of your reasoning. While you come up with a long list of arguments, you are bound to write both strong and weak arguments on the subject matter. This may structure a wrong impression about your work; in that, you cannot spot the difference between the arguments presented. It eventually leads you to create a jumbled piece of work that will result in poor grades. When you have a long list of arguments that represent your point of view about a particular topic of discussion will limit your chance to provide substantial reasoning for each idea presented. The ultimate goal for the philosophy essay you write is to convince the reader that your point of view makes sense and they should consider supporting your perspective. Short arguments make your work appear superficial thus negatively affecting the grades you are to be awarded. By now, it should be clear that choosing your topic should be carefully done. Even if you are required to analyze several materials relating to your subject matter, only the most convincing parts should be written in your essay. Also, keep in mind that the reader will only be able to read the work you present. This means that if you omit any piece of information that influenced your writing, the writer will definitely not know about it. Do not assume the reader will interpret your work for you. This should prompt you to ensure that all points and arguments put across should be clear and easily understood.   Remember that the reader cannot ask you any question so this should inspire you to be direct, coherent, and extensive with your arguments. Develop arguments that will not provoke objections from your target audience. Remember that your philosophy paper should be clear, coherent and grammatically correct. Logic and uniqueness are vital elements of your writing too. Mistakes you Should Avoid when Writing your Philosophy Paper Long introduction: your professor is most likely your target reader who knows this particular subject. Even in situations that you are writing a philosophy essay for the general audience, you are not required to use too much paper length to introduce your topic of discussion. It only comes out as a work that has too many words but not enough ideas, reason, and creativity. You are encouraged to jump into the writing of your thesis statement directly. Wordy citations: in many cases, students include a lot of external materials in their philosophy essay. Avoid creating an impression of padding your work. Instead, aim at the goal intended which is to give your readers your own interpretation of the topic of discussion highlighting your point of view. It is advisable to refer to external sources once in a while and only use quoted texts if really necessary. However, direct quotes should not exceed 10% of your total work. Utilize more of your space on presenting ideas and backing them up with sufficient arguments that are logical. Not taking a side: while writing a philosophy essay, you cannot stand on neutral ground. Then there would be no need for the essay! Keep in mind your goals are to make the reader take your side about a particular point of view which means you should create your perspective at the beginning of your work. Do not use the views of what other people have written concerning the same subject. Be unique and original to create your own idea out of the subject and convince your readers why they should support your work. Stand your ground and work on the point of view that you find satisfying for you to work on. Not acknowledging it seriously enough: to some point, some debates may come out as trivial, but still have in mind that each debate is triggered by a good reason. Yu not considering the importance of the debate is a sure sign that you have no idea of what the topic entails or its interpretation. If this is the case, considering reverting to your research stage and ensure you have done thorough research on the subject and become conversant with it. Never take the topic too lightly. Make an effort of having extensive knowledge about it before embarking on discussing the topic. Using questions: rhetorical questions can be a good way to engage the reader but should be avoided when writing a philosophy essay. You should also avoid presenting arguments in ways that they suggest an indirect question or founded on generic assumptions. For instance, if you argue that abortion is murder and immoral, you expect that the reader will share your point of view and just back it up. This is a problem that many students have and leads to them failing. You should know that all the arguments that you raise are just to prove that your point is worth consideration. What the reader is left to contemplate and agree about is their point of view. Attacking the Opponents: even at instances that you feel like you totally disagree with their point of view, you need to come up with a rational and logical explanation for your perspective. Your philosophy essay does not give you space to express your emotions on a particular subject you are against. Your main aim should be to clearly highlight and explain why your opponents are wrong and avoid offending them in the process. When you decide to get personal and call the opponents names, its a clear indication that you cannot stand your ground on that particular subject which will eventually negatively affect your final grades on the philosophy essay paper. More Tips to Guide You in Writing a Philosophy Essay Paper Even though writing a philosophy paper might be a bit thought-provoking, consider is as just another piece of writing. This should tell you that there are a couple of ways you can approach it just like the students before you did. Below are some helpful tips that can guide your writing of a philosophy essay effectively and help you get a good grade: Competent structuring and organization: this can be achieved through crafting an outline for your philosophy essay and adapting it in your entire writing. This will help in maintaining the logical flow of ideas as per the arguments you make concerning your topic of discussion. This can only be achieved if you come up with an outline that supports your philosophical essay. Craft the outline even before you begin our writing. This will help while you brainstorm your thought about the topic of discussion and exclude any logical errors or inconsistencies that may arise in writing your paper. Appropriate choice of words: slang and jargon should be avoided at all cost while writing your philosophy essay. Also, avoid using notions that you do not know the meaning of. Find their meaning from a dictionary and appropriately use them if you have to. You should create time for proofreading and editing your work before you submit it. Do not depend on the auto-correction options in your word document creator. Evidence, facts and figure to support your claims: as I explained before, you should not expect the reader to comply and agree with your point of view. Base your work on a perspective that your reader constantly disagrees with your argument. It is your duty to convince them otherwise. Provide substantial evidence to support your claims and convince the reader that your point of view makes sense. Additionally, avoid structuring your paper based on generic assumptions which are quite misleading. Accurate referencing: in the world of academia, plagiarism is one of the biggest offenses when it comes to writing an essay, or any other piece of writing. Situations of unintentional plagiarism arise when you provide information on a particular subject from a source and forget to properly provide both the in-text citation and the complete reference on the separate works cited page. Inconsistent paraphrasing is also a major issue to watch out for. It may lead to detection as plagiarism by a plagiarism checking software which will eventually lower your grades. Make sure you are conversant with the required formatting requirements and consult your professor on which format you should apply and stick to. The logical defense for arguments presented: -In simple terms, each statement you make is likely to be objected. With this in mind, you should be prepared to answer the questions that arise concerning your arguments intelligently. When you anticipate objections and provide sufficiently opposing arguments, you are bound to come up with a captivating piece of work. Always stick to an intelligent reaction to criticism and avoid taking them as threats or mocking. It is quite common that not everyone will agree with your point of view. Thorough editing: you should know that you might be the worst editor of the work you wish to present. Never consider the first draft as the final piece of work you are to present for grading. This will make you go through a lot of rewriting. It is okay to cut off any piece of information that might lead to plagiarism or those that lack sense in the arguments that you have brought to the light. If you consider the tips above, you will will write an excellent philosophy essay that is worth a higher grade from your professor.

Justinian and the Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Justinian and the Law - Essay Example It means that considering law as a phenomenon, peculiar only to the certain socio-economic structure, and which keeps the same nature at establishment of basic concepts, principles, categories and institutes during all existence of human civilization is not correct. That is why there is a general growth of interest to researches, which under such point of view are of not only historical interest, but also help to define the character and tendencies of transformations of law in the process of historical development of humanity, and consequently to find out consistent patterns of its development, which must be taken into account in modern conditions. Experience of development of law of legal system at Justinian's being in power can be very useful for the awareness of genetic root of many institutes of our legal system, establishment of possible prospects of its development, using of accomplishments and taking into consideration of lacks of conducting of those or other measures on perfection of the legal system, most grandiose from which is a systematization of law, conducted in the Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine) in the first half of the sixth century by Emperor Justinian. Let us appeal to the history as "the history of law, inseparable from the history of the State, because the growth of a legal system both determines and is determined by the general condition and civilization of the nation, finds in these same epochs its most natural divisions"1. An imperial aspiration of Justinian has negatively reflected on socio-economic position of the state, as a load of military charges came upon the population of Byzantium, destroying not only its economy but also the economy of neighbor countries. At the same time, objectively his political direction had certain positive maintenance, as he to a certain extent operated in light of general tendency of competition of ancient culture with the barbarian world from Northern East, which threatened fully to destroy odds and ends of old Roman and ancient Greek cultures. The main directions of domestic policy of emperor Justinian were: gradual liquidation of last republican institutes and strengthening of individual p ower of emperor; creation of an authoritarian state based on enormous centralized state and conducting of related administrative reforms; achievement of unity of faith (confession unity) in the state with recognition of emperor as a main leader in this sphere; realization of economic measures, directed on multiplying commodity turnover and revival of production; circumscription of proprietary rights of main landowners, economic influencing of which sometimes outgrew in political power. Limitations of rights of big landowners have been accompanied with measures, directed on encouragement of development of yeomanry (for example, by means of establishment of preferential taxes). Justinian pursues also a policy of encouragement to settling on new territory, and also to settling of earths which were before mastered, but then abandoned. What is important is that domestic and foreign policy of Justinian required not only the armed efforts

Quality Management Assignment - The assignment is based on the Eurocab Essay

Quality Management Assignment - The assignment is based on the Eurocab case study and appendices attached. Study the case and an - Essay Example One way of achieving both efficiency and effectiveness is through quality management which can be done using the total quality management (TQM) model. TQM is an organisational culture devoted to customer satisfaction through an integrated system of tools, techniques and training aimed at the continuous improvement of the products and services offered (Kotler & Armstrong, 2004). As such, this essay seeks to carry out a critique of EuroCab’s current approach to quality and how this compares with Crosby's fourteen point plans. The analysis will highlight the aspects of the plan being implemented as well as outline the points missed. The second part of the essay will look at the extent to which the six sigma methodology can be implemented within the organisation. 1. EuroCab is one of the leading European manufacturers of customised metal cabinets of various sizes and designs. These are sold to different customers to contain, support and securely protect electrical and electronic c ontrol systems from damage. However, the operations of this organisation are geared towards productivity and there are quality concerns since some of the products manufactured do not conform to the expected standards. Quality of a product or service is based on the judgement by the individual or organisation of a particular product with regards to benefits, value or satisfaction that can be derived from using it (Kotler & Armstrong, 2004). Organisations that are concerned about their viability should prioritise the aspect of quality in order to gain a competitive advantage. As noted, the aspect of quality is of concern to Eurocab and this section of the essay seeks to critique the company's current approach to quality and how this compares with Crosby's fourteen point plan. Philip B Crosby is a quality guru and is known for the concepts of â€Å"Quality is Free† and â€Å"Zero Defects. There are four absolutes of quality in his quality improvement process which are: Quality is conformance to requirements, the system of quality is prevention, the performance standard is zero defect and the measurement of quality is the price of non-conformance. Details of quality gurus can be viewed at the Department of Trade and Industry’s website at . His model is comprised of fourteen steps and these are going to be used to analyse the company’s current approach to quality. He suggests that the first step is that management should be committed to a formalised quality policy but in this case, it seems there is no such coordination between the management and the other members of the organisation in other departments. The management is primarily concerned with productivity while at the same time quality related issues are neglected. The blame for any faulty cab is given to the Quality, Manufacturing as well as the Electrical assembly departments. The management does not make follow up on its quality policies to ensure that that there is conformity in the o perations of the organisation as a whole to satisfy the quality needs of the customers as well as the company. The second aspect of Cosby’s 14 steps is the formation of a management level quality improvement team (QIT) with responsibility for quality improvement process planning and administration. As such, it can be noted that EuroCab has

Environmental Crime and Green Criminology

Environmental Crime and Green Criminology The fast social, technological, political and environmental development of the world we live in is almost beyond comprehension. All these changes have created growing demands for goods and services that cannot be supplied anymore by the ordinary economy and business services, but the criminal economy must jump in. Furthermore, new mobility has increased trade, tourism, expansion of the scientific and cultural cooperation and much more. Borders are turning pale and becoming insignificant. Everything has gone to the undreamed-of rate. But unfortunately at the same time all this progress has caused war, pice, and crime of unprecedented proportion (Moore and Fields, 2005). Environmental crime represents one of such (inter)national problem that is growing very fast and wide and as stressed by Fields, Arrigo and Webb (2005), these crime problems are highly complex in relation to those with whom criminologists were used to deal with, as it will be shown below. Comparative criminology refers to the systematic and theoretically-informed comparison of criminality (crime and crime trends) in two or more countries (Howard, Newman and Pridemore, 2010). Comparative studies are very important for criminology, because they offer great potential for increasing the explanatory power of criminological theories.  [1]  Furthermore, comparative criminal justice studies reduce the enormous differences between crime rates among different countries.  [2]  Although many authors (Shelley, 1981; Rokaw, Mercy and Smith, 1990; Hans-Gunther, Shelley and Kaoth, 1992) in the field of comparative criminal justice surveys assume that the goal of comparative criminology is si mply to test whether claims about crime causation stand up in the rich texture of cultural variation, Beirne and Nelken (1997) stress that the scope of comparative criminology is wider than the search for the causes of crime. It includes the study of transnational crime, the problems of exporting models of crime control to other countries and the way the views of criminologists are themselves influenced by their cultures in the search of explanations of crime. Furthermore, Bennett and Lynch (1990: 153) state that cross-national studies of crime (criminal justice) issues play an important role in building theory and guiding public policy. The last one more and more often relies on the scientific survey results and findings, with the intention of bringing the right decision about the public related crime problems. Neuman and Berger (1998: 300-301) argue that comparative criminology is plagued by a hiatus between theory and research. Therefore, the different levels of theoretical explanations need to be explored with data that simultaneously employ variables at the contextual and individual levels. Quantitative studies must be complemented by in-depth historical research in order to examine the specific processes occurring within nations. Quantitative cross-national studies with aggregate data are appropriate to evaluate alternative perspectives but it is important to be explicit about the methatheoretical assumptions underlying such research. Beirne and Messeschmidt (1995) warn that if mentioned conditions are not fulfilled, studies will proliferate with exercises of verification and falsification of numerous middle-range theories without a cumulative development of theoretical knowledge. As pointed out by MeÃ…Â ¡ko (2008: 31), the issues about the movement of crime and crime policies between countries and cultures and comparison between countries are important. According to this it is important who are the carriers of these changes and comparisons, and furthermore the transfer of knowledge, ideas and concepts itself and their understanding and implementation in a society. The purpose of comparative studies of crime and criminal justice is to know the impact of cultural, political, economic and other effects on the differences in attitudes towards crime, law enforcement response to violations of laws crime and criminality.  [3]  The comparative criminology enables all this. Different authors (Beirne and Hill, 1991, Fields and Moore, 1996; Wardak and Sheptycki, 2005, Reichel, 2008) define comparative criminology as the systematic study of crime, law and social supervision in two or more cultures, noting that this aspect of criminology has been neglected in the past. Comparative criminology with the support in the criminal justice system and studies allows a comparison of crime and related phenomena between two or more countries. By applying this method, criminologists try to identify the similarities and differences in crime patterns between different cultures. Ideally, it would be necessary to test the theory in as many different possible conditions. Howard and Newman (2001) stressed that in the last decade criminologists realized that the majority of the existing criminal legal theories are limited only to a few western countries. In the last period this situation is slowly changing, as the criminologists, faced with rising crime rates, felt a strong need to share and exchange the experiences and learn from each other. Reichel (2008: 30) points out that at doing the comparisons between countries one needs to focus on the changing crime rates and provide a unified definition, reporting and recording or keeping of crime statistics; other wise the results are not representative, valid and useful. Although many theoretical, methodological, and philosophical problems certainly have dogged comparative criminology since its inception, Howard, Newman and Pridemore (2010) stress that this field of investigation is currently in a state of rapid expansion. Beirne (1983) warns that any serious comparative analysis of crime must confront the reliability of information about crime rates and victimization. Like all cross-cultural analyses, comparative criminology is beset with difficulties about what to compare, how and for what purpose. Promise and the perils of comparative criminology are everything but negligible, because this form of criminological research faces additional obstacles of problems, which all social explanations face. Because the definition of crime is conventional and because it depends on differences between systems of criminal justice, the technical and conceptual obstacles to comparing crime rates and explaining the causes of criminal behavior comparatively are definitely serious. And over and over again, new questions spring up, such as: Is the meaning of criminal behavior constant across different legal systems and cultures? How far can we risk explanations of environmental crime, which avoid reference to meaning? H ow much reliability should we attach to crime data from different societies that are gathered by the police or by victimization surveys? etc. In 1987 Michalowski and Kramer conducted a comparative criminal justice (criminological) study in the field of environmental crime. Back in 1980s they noticed the significant expansion of transnational corporations in the Third World. Because in many developing nations legal control over corporate violations against the environment did not grow commensurately these corporations engaged legally in a variety of injurious actions that would have been recognized as violations of criminal regulatory, or civil law in their home countries. According to Michalowski and Kramer (1987) the differences in the laws of home/countries of origin and host countries, and the ability of transnational corporations to influence the legal climate in the host countries renders the laws derived at the level of nation-states an unsatisfactory basis for determining the scope of criminological research on transnational corporate (environmental) crime.  [4]  Similar cases of expansions are known also in Eur ope, in Eastern Europe (Czech Republic, Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine etc.) and in the Balkan Region (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania, Kosovo etc.). Some West European and other foreign corporations moved most of their production to these developing countries with the reason of reasonable production costs, although the second (hidden) reason for such decision was and still is less restricted environmental protection legislation.  [5]   Bennett and Lynch (1990: 176) made an analysis of cross-national crime indicators and ascertained that the particular use, to which data are put, will affect the comparability and reliability of the descriptive statistics generated. In this respect they add that for surveys focused on aggregated description or the explanation of variance in crime across nations (except homicide) and/or across time, the choice of data set need to be determined by the relative reliability of the data (e.g. diversity of included nations; the accessibility of the data; timelines and completeness of the information). Furthermore, Beirne and Lynch (1990) warn that Interpol data sets are deficient and unreliable and therefore not appropriate for comparative cross-national surveys. When talking about the international data sets it needs to be added that one has to be careful when using data from different international organizations data sets, such as United Nations, World Health Organization, Interpol, Euro pol etc., because they can distinguish very much. On the other side, as stated by Benne and Lynch (1990: 178), dedicated data collection systems, such as victimization surveys, offer greater potential for providing the data needed for descriptive cross-sectional research purposes. The best example of comparative cross-national survey is the International Crime Survey (ICS), where methodology in all participating countries is equal, which means that results of conducted comparisons are reliable and useful. Howard, Newman and Pridemore (2010) attribute several goals of comparative research in criminology, from which some are obvious applications of the traditional canons of the scientific method, and some are unique to the study of crime in an international setting. According to authors, these goals of comparative criminological research are: extending theories beyond cultural and national boundaries; assessing the performance of national criminal justice systems; evaluating national criminal justice policy; coordinating the fight against transnational crime and reasonable critique. Mainly comparative criminology attends to understanding criminal and deviant behavior. If the crime survey is manifested globally, comparative criminological studies will provide useful insights into the control of antisocial activity.  [6]  Furthermore, it is inevitable that the criminological study intersects with the field of criminal justice. For Howard, Newman and Pridemore (2010), comparative criminological surveys are important because of five essential reasons, because they represent and allow: theoretical development and testing; advance comparative analysis; data explosion; policy development; and globalization and comparative studies of crime and criminal justice. When conducting comparative criminological research, academicians can use different methodology and research tools. It actually depends on the nature of research. Howard, Newman and Pridemore (2010) divide the methodology used in comparative criminological surveys into two groups. The first group includes surveys of comparative research that examine specific substantive issues of crime (e.g. violent crime, property crime, national crimes with international implications such as genocide, domestic violence, transnational crime), where crime represents a dependent variable. The second group includes the general types of studies (e.g. metalevel studies (victi mization surveys), parallel studies (crime rate/criminal justice system analysis; topical comparison; replication of an experimental design), and case studies) normally undertaken by comparative criminologists. MeÃ…Â ¡ko (2008b: 31) emphasizes that comparisons between countries in the form of comparative criminological surveys are important, especially in the field of environmental criminality. Next to the comparison of crime data sets, the transfer of knowledge, ideas and concepts itself and their understanding and implementation in a society can be crucial. For this reason, the main aim of comparative criminological surveys of crimes against the environment is to know the impact of cultural, political, economic and other impacts on the differences in attitudes towards environmental crime, law enforcement response to environmental violations and the overcoming of obstacles posed by the lack of relevant knowledge in countries, where green criminology is developing. Comparative criminology enables all this and for this reason it should be more often used in comparisons of environmental crime forms, green criminology findings and environmental justice responses between two or more countri es. At the beginning of their discussion about the meaning and importance of the comparative criminological study Howard, Newman and Pridemore (2010) assert that with the growth of international transparency and the capacity of the World Wide Web to disseminate information, data about crime and justice around the world are more accessible than ever. The data about environmental crime are no exception (more and more information about environmental harm and environmental damage and degradation is published on the world web by non-governmental organizations and accessible to everyone). Environmental crime in comparison to criminological and criminal justice surveys Environmental crime is every temporary or permanent legally defined deviant act or resigned activity, which causes an artificial change, worsening, burdening, degeneration or destruction of (human) environment or breaking its natural changes. The perpetrator could be anyone or every one of us (corporations, companies, groups, individuals, etc). White (2009: 1) stresses that for many people and experts the term environmental crime is best described not in terms of legality but in terms of new concepts of environmental justice. For him, environmental harm can be conceptualized in the aspect of three broad approaches to the understanding of environmental issues: conventional criminology  [7]  , ecological perspectives  [8]  and green criminology.  [9]  For White (2008), environmental crime is harm against the environment that is being perpetrated across the earth, although its intensity and form varies depending upon specific regions and specific populations. His definition of environmental crime seems more or less logical, although is hard to RAZDELITI and use in comparative criminological or/and criminal justice survey. The definition of environmental crime should be simple, clear and understandable. Only that way the definition could be broadly acceptable (unified) and possible to use for the purpose of comparative studies. In this respect, Clifford and Edwards (1998) warn that an extremely broad definition is not useful for purposes of analysis, because everything can be included in it. Clifford and Edwards suggest that one of the objectives of defining environmental crime is to make reasonable comparisons possible and for this reason the definition has to be so broad as to preclude meaningful distinctions. And something else is definitely true, more researchers and experts know about the environmental crime, the more surveys they conduct, the better their suggested concept (definition) of environmental crime will be. After analyzing the sociological (criminological), philosophical and legal concept of environmental crime, Clifford and Edwards (1998: 25) offered their definition of environmental crime: An environmental crime is an act in violation of an environmental protection statue that applies to the area in which the act occurred and that has already indentified criminal sanctions for purposes of police enforcement. To make their definition easier to understand, Clifford and Edwards (1998: 26) divided it into two parts. The first part defines the term environmental crime from the philosophical aspect: Environmental crime is an act committed with the intent to harm or with a potential to cause harm to ecological and/or biological systems and for the purpose of securing business or personal advantage. The second definition, arising from the legal aspect, states that an environmental crime is any act that violates an environmental protection statute. With the use of such definitions of environme ntal crime the execution of comparative criminological and criminal justice studies is possible and achievable. When talking about environmental crime, we talk about very different phenomena, which are very hard to be gathered in a single universal definition. Environmental crime as such is more or less new and still an unknown form of crime and in some aspects a different form of crime as criminologists, researchers and other experts are used to (classic crime).  [10]  When dealing with environmental crime and performing (comparative) criminological or criminal justice studies man has to be aware of the following most often and important particularities of the environmental criminality: Environmental crime is very diverse all around the world, between countries and between regions (it is inherent to each individual, the economic system, environmental and biological systems, etc.). The problem of the agreed definition of the term environmental crime is still causing problems. One of them is a unified comprehension of the term environmental crime in comparative studies. Because of the lack of adjusted terminology and of a united internationally acknowledged definition, problems on all other levels of discussion, punishment and prevention of environmental crime are appearing.  [11]   Environmental crime is related to the technical development and progress; therefore new forms of environmental criminality are continually produced. Never ending changes to already present forms of environmental crime show themselves in extension and represent the need for constant monitoring, supplementing and changing of the already existing divisions or forming new ones.  [12]   Environmental crime is specific on one hand because of the perpetrators (offenders), their motives and the chosen modus operandi, and on the other hand because of special features of two different victims. Environmental crime acts usually do not affect human victims directly, as it happens in classical forms of criminality. In this case the first victim of a criminal act of environmental crime is the environment, which afterwards threatens the humans (poisoned water sources, toxic gas release, polluted soil, etc.). The narrow research of the whole field of environmental criminality and lack of different ways of research of environmental crime clearly show the need to extend the methodological approaches in criminological studies of environmental crime. Besides supplementing and verification of different comprehensions, the need for alternative approaches to research modern forms of environmental threats also expresses itself, because with human development and modern progress the forms and offenders of environmental crimes are changing. Green criminology has to recognize the lack of specific knowledge (especially natural sciences knowledge), which are essential for effective dealing with deviations against the environment. In this respect, the relations between various disciplines that need to be defined and framed are important. Furthermore, the field of environmental criminality demands a multidisciplinary approach. In the field of ecology, better to say environmental justice, the boundaries between licit and illicit (legal and illegal) are often vague (circumvention of the environmental threats to the legal order of the country). Sometimes the (inter)national environmental law is an imperfect system for the protection of the environment, because it is sometimes too broad and vague, or it depends on national interests elsewhere. Inseparable connection of environmental crime with the society and the way of life make the effort of the active criminological researching of environmental crime and finding more effective supervision systems and methods for preventing environmental crime even harder. In the front is the problem of defining the relation man environment (offender powerless victim).  [13]   More and more attention is drawn into the relation environment safety. Such condition also reflects itself in numerous countries, which try hard to cooperate more intensively in the field of environmental protection on the international level. The need for adequate measures and a more structural and planned approach to such problems and responses to it is growing. All of the above listed characteristics of environmental criminality are very important. They define environmental crime as such and must be taken into account when carrying out green criminological research or analysis. Furthermore, the characteristics must not be ignored when performing comparative criminological surveys; otherwise the results may be incorrect and misleading. One of such example is the use of ICS results in environmental crime comparative criminological survey, because the victims of environmental crime, caused harm and consequences, are still mostly unknown, therefore the conclusions based on a small number of victims reports could be misleading. Furthermore, different forms of environmental crime (e.g. crimes against air, water, soil, etc.) cause different damage and consequences, have different victims and even can be hidden for decades. For better understanding of what exactly environmental crime is, what is punishable, how violence is punished, why it comes to violence and who are the victims of environmental crime, we first need to define the basic terms. The answers to the following questions who committed crime, why he committed it and how the crime is committed against the environment, are expected to be explained by criminology with a good reason. Green criminology has developed as a branch of a science about criminal acts and their perpetrators, which researches the forms of deviant behavior and investigates the causes of such behavior, describes such phenomena and observes them in their development. After all, criminology is not legal, but empirical science, which uses comprehensions of empirical researches and results of the experience. As such, green criminology, can and is using comparative studies to understand and be able to explain environmental crime more detailed and accurately. The comparative criminological and criminal justice studies of environmental crime are very rare due the several reasons. The most important is the unknown, inadequately defined and poorly researched field of environmental criminality all over the globe. Despite that, the importance and the benefits of comparative criminological studies are very important for the further development of the environmental crime field and green criminology as mainstream social science dealing with environmental issues. The scope of comparative green criminology and criminal justice is wider than the search for the causes of environmental crime, as already mentioned by Beirne and Nelken (1997). For this reason it includes the study of transnational environmental crime, the problems of exporting models of environmental crime control to other countries and the way the views of green criminologists are themselves influenced by their cultures in the search of explanations of environmental crime. When conducting a comparative study of environmental crime one has to be aware that the purpose of comparative studies of crime is to know the impact of cultural, political, economic and other impacts on the differences in attitudes towards environmental crime, law enforcement response to violations of environmental protection laws environmental crime and environmental criminality. The use of comparative criminological and criminal justice studies in the field of environmental crime is very important, because i t enables a comparison of environmental crime and related phenomena, such as environmental degradation and destruction, between two, three or more countries. Furthermore, green criminologists try to identify the similarities and differences in the environmental crime patterns between different cultures with the application of this method. Furthermore, they use them to understand and explain the causes for committing environmental crimes. Comparative criminological and criminal justice surveys of environmental crime are important because of five essential reasons, stressed by Howard, Newman and Pridemore (2010: STRAN). They represent and allow: a) theoretical development and testing of criminological theories in the field of environmental criminality and green criminology; b) advance comparative environmental crime analysis; c) environmental crime data explosion; d) (environmental) crime policy development; and e) globalization and comparative studies of environmental crime and criminal justice. What is more, the purpose of such studies is to know the impact of cultural, political, economic and other impacts on the differences in attitudes towards crime, law enforcement response to violations of laws crime and criminality. The comparative criminology enables all this and for this reason it should be more often used in comparisons of environmental crime forms, green criminology findings and environmental justice respo nses between two or more countries. Similar to Slovenia, some countries have typical characteristics in existent phenomenal forms of environmental crime, as well as by offenders of the environmental crime. For this reason the comparison should be set on a common basis, which is widely accepted all over the world. Comparative criminology could be for example used in a survey that would originate from Sutherlands (1939; in Sutherland and Cressey, 1974) definition of criminology.  [14]  By combining different research methods, it is possible to explain the problem of extension and destructive power of environmental crime on one hand and on the other unconsciousness of noxiousness and its influence on the environment, human and his life. The environmental topic and the research approach are relevant for Slovenian science and also for work of green criminology and competent authorities, because they represent an exact analysis of discourse of environmental crime in the country and worldwide. The practicability of this a pproach shows itself in offering the results and comprehensions that could be the basis of activities to protect the society from environmental crime. Comparative criminological studies are very important for further development of green criminology and the gathering of additional knowledge about the environmental crime. The desired objectives of such a survey are often an understanding of criminal and deviant behavior against the environment in the chosen country and assessing the performance of the national criminal justice system. The transfer of knowledge about environmental criminality remains the main aim of the comparative criminological survey. Furthermore, comparative green criminological and criminal justice studies enable a comparison of environmental crime and related phenomena between compared countries, and help green criminologists identify similarities and differences in environmental crime patterns, and understand and explain the causes for and consequences of environmental crimes.